What is IKONOS

The name IKONOS is derived from the Greek word for "image". The IKONOS satellite was launched on September 24, 1999 from xxxxxx. The satellite carries two sensors, able to collect panchromatic images with one-meter resolution and multispectral images with four-meter resolution.

IKONOS Sensors
- An 11 bit panchromatic sensor which collects a single band of data in the spectral range of 0.45 - 0.90 microns.
- An 11 bit multispectral sensor which collects 4 bands of data in the following spectral bands;
- Band 1  -  0.445 - 0.516 microns  - red
- Band 2  -  0.506 - 0.595 microns  - green
- Band 3  -  0.632 - 0.698 microns  - blue
- Band 4  -  0.757 - 0.853 microns  - near infrared

Satellite Orbit
IKONOS is in a sun-synchronous orbit 423 miles (681 kilometers above the earth).  Each orbit takes about 98 minutes.  This orbit that allows for nominal 10:30 AM image collection, providing consitent images from

Revisit times
IKONOS can provide new one meter panchromatic or four-meter multispectral images of any where in the world every three days.  If needed a 2.5 meter or better can be collected everyday of any location.  An exact revisit occurs every 142 days

11 bit data
To date most publicly available satellite sensors have collected 8 bit, providing 256 levels of tonal variation.  The two sensors on IKONOS are 11 bit sensors, resulting in 2048 levels of tonal variation.
 

Image Swath & Scene sizes
Single images of 13 km x 13 km
Single swath images of 11 km X 100 km

Horizontal Accuracy
Without ground correction the horizontal accuracy is 50 meters CE 90% or 11.8 meter RMSE.  Using orthorectification a horizontal accuracy of 4 meters CE 90% or 1.8 meters RMSE can be achieved.

Technical Advantages of IKONOS imagery over alternative imagery
- Images are at least 6.8 miles (11 Kilometers) in dimension, allowing for less mosaicing.
- Images are tonal balanced throughout entire images, allowing image wide classification.
- Always in digital format, no conversion which may degrade data quality.
- 11 bit allows for data extraction from shadow areas
- 11 bit allows for 8 fold increase in classification separation as compared with  8 bit (256 gray scale)
- Ease of updates. Updates can be made to areas as small as 6 square miles.